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History of the Netherlands

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"This study offers a new approach to the history of sites, archaeology and heritage formation in Asia, at both local and transregional levels. Starting at Hindu-Buddhist, Chinese, Islamic, colonial, and prehistoric heritage sites in Indonesia, the focus is on people's encounters and the knowledge exchange taking place across colonial and postcolonial regimes. Objects are followed as they move from their site of origin to other locations, such as the Buddhist statues from Borobudur-temple, that were gifted to King Chulalongkorn of Siam. The ways in which the meaning of these objects transformed, as they moved away to other sites, reveal their role in parallel processes of heritage formation outside Indonesia. Calling attention to the power of the material remains of the past, Marieke Bloembergen and Martijn Eickhoff explore questions of knowledge production, the relationship between heritage and violence and the role of sites and objects in the creation of national histories."--

Historic sites --- Cultural property --- Decolonization --- Indonesia --- Antiquities

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This book addresses a central and currently pressing question: changing ideas about Europe and European identity. The essays in this volume examine these ideas about Europe by analyzing histories and discourses of monuments, memorial sites, objects of art and other meaningful artefacts. They pay particular attention to cultural transfers between locations, continents, communities and individuals, both within and outside of Europe. In doing so, this volume connects the originally European-nations-centred concept of lieux de mémoire with the outer-European world and gives it a new transnational, transcultural and transcontinental blend. The essays concentrate on four specific topics: colonial memory, religion, imperial and post-colonial contact zones, and changing concepts of Europe. Taken together, these historical perspectives transcend older Grand Narratives by presenting Europe as a multiform and ever-changing cultural construction. They contribute to a better understanding of Europe's changing position in the world and the way we perceive it.

2 <4> --- 246 --- 2 <4> Godsdienst. Theologie--Europa --- Godsdienst. Theologie--Europa --- Christelijke kunst en symbolisme

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This edited volume is dedicated to national-socialist archaeology as a Europe-wide phenomenon. It analyses national-socialist attempts to denationalize the archaeologies of European nations by creating a new unifying European archaeology on a racial basis. From the beginning of the nineteenth century, archaeology began to develop into an important force behind processes of nation building. At the same time, structures of transnational academic collaboration contributed strongly to the internal dynamics of the research field, which was primarily organized on a national basis. In those European countries that were confronted with national-socialist occupation and repression between 1939 and 1945, these transnational archaeological networks were to prove crucial for the development of national-socialist archaeological policies. This volume will reveal how national-socialist archaeology was to an extent valued positively in its time as highly innovative, even influencing the archaeology of non-occupied countries. Although in the final instance, it generally failed to displace the national archaeologies in Europe, the volume also analyses the long-term impact of national-socialist rule on the development of European archaeology. How did the attempts to create a unified European archaeology after 1945 continue to influence networks, methods and terminologies, institutional structures, or popular representations of the early past?

Archaeology. --- World War, 1939-1945. --- History of World War II and the Holocaust. --- European War, 1939-1945 --- Second World War, 1939-1945 --- World War 2, 1939-1945 --- World War II, 1939-1945 --- World War Two, 1939-1945 --- WW II (World War, 1939-1945) --- WWII (World War, 1939-1945) --- History, Modern --- Archeology --- Anthropology --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- History --- Antiquities

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Indonesia declared its independence on 17 August 1945, two days after the Japanese capitulation that marked the end of World War II in Asia. Refusing to recognize Indonesian independence, the Netherlands attempted to gain control over the decolonization process by force, leading to four years of arduous negotiations and bitter warfare. In 2005, the Dutch government declared that the Netherlands had been ‘on the wrong side of history’ and should not have engaged in this war. However, to this day, the government maintains its position from 1969 about violence at the hands of Dutch soldiers during this war: Yes, there had been ‘excesses’, but as a rule, the armed forces had behaved ‘correctly’. In recent years, this official position has increasingly, and more loudly, been called into question. In Beyond the Pale, conclusions of ten separate studies are presented from different perspectives, addressing the extent to which the Dutch armed forces used extreme violence on a structural basis and offering an assessment of their actions. The authors also examine how the Dutch government and society dealt with this extreme violence both during and after the war. Was it discussed, was it punished or covered up, and what developments does this reflect?

HISTORY / Military / Wars & Conflicts (Other). --- Indonesia, decolonisation, independence, violence, war.